Your complete London Travel Guide
Table of Contents
ToggleLondon is the Capital City of the England and United Kingdom, one of the best tourist destinations in the world. Rich in history colorful cultural diversity, modern London stands as a thriving hub packed with world-famous landmarks (London eye, Shard, Sky Garden), which captivates visitors on every conceivable level.
Explore the delightful pubs and top-notch museums, many of which are free to visit. Experience the grand old theaters unique to London’s Theatreland. The diverse culinary scene in London offers a mix of international flavors, and the vibrant nightlife is truly exciting.
Spoiler alert, London is one of the most expensive city in the world, I’m telling you this as a Londoner. A visit to capital city of Great Britain will make a hole in your wallet, if you don’t do your research before you visit London. But don’t despair, there are ways to enjoy London without breaking the bank. In this blog post, I’ll share tips and tricks on how to make the most out of your visit to London, while having tons of fun along the way.
A Brief History of London
London’s rich history traces back to its Roman founding in 43 AD. Here are some key events and significant periods that have shaped this iconic city.
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- Roman London (43-410 AD): The Romans established the city of Londinium around 43 AD as a strategic bridgehead on the river Thames. It became an important trading and administrative centre in Roman Britain.
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- Anglo-Saxon and Viking Periods (410-1066): During the Anglo-Saxon and Viking periods (410-1066), London experienced a decline after the Romans departed. The Anglo-Saxons established Lundenwic to the west of Londinium, while Viking invasions and settlements further shaped the region.
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- Medieval London (1066-1485): The Norman Conquest of 1066 had a significant impact on London. The city grew in importance, and landmarks like the Tower of London were constructed. The medieval period also saw the establishment of guilds and the development of a thriving trade and commerce.
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- Tudor and Stuart Eras (1485-1714): London continued to grow in influence during the Tudor and Stuart dynasties. The reigns of Henry VIII, Elizabeth I, and the Stuart monarchs marked a period of cultural, economic, and political development. The Great Fire of London in 1666 caused widespread destruction but also led to the rebuilding of the city.
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- Georgian and Victorian Eras (1714-1901): The 18th and 19th centuries saw further expansion and industrialization in London. The city’s population exploded, and landmarks such as Buckingham Palace and the Houses of Parliament were constructed. The Victorian era was characterized by social and technological advancements.
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- 20th Century and World Wars (1901-1945): London played a crucial role in both World War I and World War II. The city suffered extensive damage during the Blitz in World War II, but it was rebuilt in the post-war years.
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- Post-War Period to Present (1945-present): London continued to be a global financial and cultural centre in the post-war period. It underwent significant urban development, including the construction of the London Eye and the Shard. The city also hosted the Summer Olympics in 2012.
Things to know before coming to London.
Living in London for over 20 years and traveling quite a bit to other cities in the world, these travel Tips comes from my won personal experiences, I learned the hard way, it doesn’t mean you should too, coming to London for the first time or traveling in general will save a lot of stress, anxiety, and time.
London is a big metropolis, like 607sq mile big, over 9 million souls live and commute in Greater London aera, so don’t try to see and do everything on your first visit. Take your time go slow, trust me you will enjoy more than if you jam pack your itinerary on your very first visit in the big Smoke or any other city in the world.
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- Weather:
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- London weather can be unpredictable. It’s advisable to bring layers and a waterproof jacket, umbrella as rain is common throughout the year.
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- Weather:
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- Currency:
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- The currency used in London is the British Pound Sterling (£). Make sure to have some local currency on hand, although credit and debit cards are widely accepted.
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- Currency:
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- Public Transportation:
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- London has an extensive public transportation system, including buses, trains, and the famous London Underground AKA the (Tube). Consider getting an Oyster card or a contactless credit card for convenient travel and discounted fares.
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- Public Transportation:
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- Cultural Diversity:
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- London is one of the most diverse cities in the world. You’ll meet people from various cultural backgrounds, which is reflected in the city’s food, festivals, and neighbourhoods.
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- Cultural Diversity:
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- Etiquette:
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- British people value politeness and queuing (standing in line). Be sure to wait your turn, say “please” and “thank you,” and respect personal space.
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- Etiquette:
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- Tipping:
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- Tipping is not mandatory but appreciated for good service., and it’s common to leave around 10-15% in restaurants if a service charge is not included. Tipping in pubs is usually not as formal, but rounding up the bill is appreciated.
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- Tipping:
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- Airports:
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- London is served by 6 airports: London Heathrow, Gatwick, Stanstead, Luton, City airport and Southend airport. More about London airports later in this blog.
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- Emergency Services:
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- The emergency number in the UK is 999 for police, fire, ambulance, and other emergency services.
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- Emergency Services:
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- Language:
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- English is the official language, but you’ll hear a variety of accents and dialects. Don’t be afraid to ask for clarification if you don’t understand something.
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- Language:
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- Time Zone:
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- London is in the Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) zone. Make sure to adjust your schedule accordingly.
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- Time Zone:
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- Power Outlets:
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- The standard voltage is 230V, and the frequency is 50Hz. The power plugs and sockets used are of type G. If your devices use a different type of plug, you may need a universal travel adapter.
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- Power Outlets:
Remember to check for any travel restrictions, visa requirements, or health and safety guidelines before your trip. Enjoy your time in London!
When to visit London?
The best time to visit London depends on your preferences and the type of experience you are looking for. Here are some considerations for different seasons:
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- Spring (March to May):
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- Spring is a lovely time to visit London as temperatures begin to rise, and the city’s parks and gardens come to life with blooming flowers.
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- The weather is generally mild, and you can enjoy outdoor activities without the summer crowds.
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- Spring events include the Chelsea Flower Show and various cultural festivals.
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- Spring (March to May):
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- Summer (June to August):
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- Summer is a popular time to visit London, with longer daylight hours and a lively atmosphere.
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- Expect warmer temperatures, but also more tourists. Popular attractions and parks can be busier during this season.
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- Outdoor events, festivals, and open-air concerts are abundant in the summer.
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- Summer (June to August):
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- Autumn (September to November):
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- Autumn in London brings cooler temperatures and colourful leaves, making it a picturesque time to visit.
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- Crowds begin to decrease after the summer peak, and you can still enjoy outdoor activities.
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- Considerable cultural events and exhibitions often take place during the autumn months.
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- Autumn (September to November):
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- Winter (December to February):
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- Winter in London is festive, with Christmas decorations adorning the streets and various holiday markets.
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- While temperatures can be chilly, it rarely gets extremely cold. Pack accordingly.
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- Winter is an excellent time to explore London’s indoor attractions, museums, and theatres.
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- Winter (December to February):
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- Events and Festivals:
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- Consider any specific events or festivals you might want to attend. London hosts a variety of cultural events, parades, and celebrations throughout the year.
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- Events and Festivals:
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- Budget Considerations:
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- Travel costs can vary depending on the season. Accommodation and flights might be more affordable during the shoulder seasons (spring and autumn).
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- Budget Considerations:
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- Weather Considerations:
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- London weather is often unpredictable, but in general, temperatures are moderate. Bring layers and a waterproof jacket, regardless of the season.
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- Weather Considerations:
Ultimately, the best time to visit London depends on your personal preferences regarding weather, crowds, and the type of activities you want to experience. Each season has its unique charm, so choose the time that aligns with your interests and schedule.
Where to stay in London?
Choosing where to stay in London depends on various factors, including your budget, interests, and preferred neighbourhoods. London is vast and diverse, with different areas offering distinct atmospheres. Here are very important and popular areas to consider.
I’ve grouped the areas into sections according to their respective prices:
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- Covent Garden:
• Highlights: Lively atmosphere, street performers, theatres, and a plethora of restaurants and shops.
• Proximity to: West End theatres, British Museum, Royal Opera House, Seven Dials.
• Hotel Cost: Shoulder season prices shown. keep in mind high season rates are double. Booking well in advance can yield better prices. The average cost typically falls between:
• Hostels: from £25 upwards (booking for 1 guest)
• Hotels: £110- £350, varying based on Hotel Rating and the timing of your visit. (Booking for 2 Guests)
- Covent Garden:
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- Soho:
• Highlights: Vibrant nightlife, trendy bars, and diverse dining options
• Proximity to: West End theatres, Chinatown, shopping on Oxford Street.
• The average cost for two guests typically ranges between £250 and £380, contingent on the hotel rating and the timing of your reservation.
- Soho:
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- Kensington and Chelsea:
• Highlights: Elegant architecture, museums, parks, and upscale shopping.
• Proximity to: Kensington Palace, Natural History Museum, Hyde Park, Harrods, Holand Park.
- Kensington and Chelsea:
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- Westminster:
• Highlights: Iconic landmarks, government buildings, and the political heart of the city.
• Proximity to: Buckingham Palace, Houses of Parliament, Westminster Abbey.
- Westminster:
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- South Bank:
• Highlights: Riverside views, cultural institutions, and the London Eye.
• Proximity to: Tate Modern, Shakespeare’s Globe Theatre, London Bridge.
- South Bank:
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- Shoreditch:
• Highlights: Trendy and artistic neighbourhood with street art, independent boutiques, and a lively nightlife.
• Proximity to: Brick Lane, Old Spitalfields Market, Shoreditch High Street.
- Shoreditch:
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- Camden:
• Highlights: Alternative and eclectic atmosphere, famous market, and live music venues.
• Proximity to: Camden Market, Regent’s Canal, music venues like the Roundhouse.
- Camden:
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- Notting Hill:
• Highlights: Colourful houses, Portobello Road Market, and a bohemian atmosphere.
• Proximity to: Notting Hill Carnival, Kensington Gardens, Electric Cinema.
- Notting Hill:
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- Greenwich:
• Highlights: Maritime history, Greenwich Park, and the Royal Observatory.
• Proximity to: Cutty Sark, National Maritime Museum, O2 Arena.
- Greenwich:
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- Paddington:
• Highlights: Convenient transport links, close to Hyde Park, and a mix of accommodation options.
• Proximity to: Paddington Station, Little Venice, Hyde Park.
When choosing where to stay, consider factors like transportation convenience, nearby attractions, and the overall vibe of the neighbourhood. Additionally, London’s public transportation system is extensive, so you can easily explore different parts of the city from almost any location. It’s advisable to book accommodation in advance, especially during peak tourist seasons.
- Paddington:
London airports
Now you have decided where to stay, you ask yourself, how to get from airport to my hotel/ accommodation? No worries you are at right place, first we must know about London airports.
London is served by several major airports, each with its own characteristics and advantages. Here are the primary airports in and around London:
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- Heathrow Airport (LHR):
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- Location: West London, about 15 miles (24 km) from the city centre.
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- Significance: One of the busiest airports globally, offering a wide range of international flights.
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- Transportation: Connected to the city by the Heathrow Express train, the London Underground (Piccadilly Line), buses, and taxis.
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- Heathrow Airport (LHR):
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- Gatwick Airport (LGW):
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- Location: South of London, approximately 30 miles (48 km) from the city centre.
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- Significance: Another major international airport with a significant number of flights.
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- Transportation: Gatwick Express train, Southern trains, buses, and taxis connect the airport to central London.
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- Gatwick Airport (LGW):
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- Stansted Airport (STN):
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- Location: Northeast of London, about 40 miles (64 km) from the city centre.
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- Significance: A hub for several low-cost and European airlines.
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- Transportation: Stansted Express train, National Express coaches, and taxis provide transportation to and from central London.
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- Stansted Airport (STN):
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- Luton Airport (LTN):
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- Location: North of London, approximately 35 miles (56 km) from the city centre.
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- Significance: A base for several low-cost airlines and charter flights.
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- Transportation: Thameslink and East Midlands Trains connect Luton Airport to central London, along with National Express coaches and taxis.
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- Luton Airport (LTN):
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- London City Airport (LCY):
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- Location: In the Docklands area, about 6 miles (10 km) east of the city centre.
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- Significance: Primarily serves business travellers and short-haul flights.
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- Transportation: Docklands Light Railway (DLR), buses, and taxis provide connections to central London.
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- London City Airport (LCY):
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- Southend Airport (SEN):
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- Location: Southeast of London, around 42 miles (68 km) from the city centre.
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- Significance: A smaller airport offering flights to European destinations.
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- Transportation: Greater Anglia trains, buses, and taxis connect Southend Airport to central London.
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- Southend Airport (SEN):
When choosing an airport, consider the location of your accommodation, the airlines serving each airport, and your transportation preferences. Each airport has its own facilities and services, catering to different types of travellers and destinations.
London Transport system / How to Get Around
London has an extensive and efficient public transport system that makes getting around the city relatively convenient. Here are the primary modes of transportation in London:
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- London Underground (Tube): The London Underground is a comprehensive subway system with multiple lines covering the entire city. It’s one of the fastest ways to navigate London. A single Tube fare will cost: Zone 1 to 4 – £3.20.
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- Buses: London has an extensive bus network that covers the entire city, including areas not served by the Tube. Buses are a good option for short distances or areas with limited Tube access. Single fare £1.75 which is valid for 60 minutes, you can hop on and hop off as many buses in that 1 hour.
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- Overground Trains: The London Overground provides train services connecting various parts of London, especially in the outer boroughs.
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- Docklands Light Railway (DLR): The DLR is an automated light metro system serving areas in East London, including the Docklands and Greenwich.
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- Trams: Trams operate in South London, offering another mode of transport for residents and visitors in those areas.
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- Taxis and Ridesharing: London has iconic black cabs, and ride-sharing services like Uber are also widely available for convenient point-to-point travel.
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- Bicycles: London is becoming increasingly bike-friendly, with bike lanes and cycle hire schemes available. You can rent bikes for short journeys using services like Santander Cycles famous as Boris Bikes. Renting a Boris bike costs £1.75 for up to 30 minutes and 1.75 GBP for each additional 30 minutes.
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- Walking: Many central London attractions are within walking distance of each other, making walking a pleasant and popular option, especially for exploring neighbourhoods. Make sure to bring a comfy walking shoe.
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- River Services: The river Thames is utilized for transportation with river buses and ferries providing scenic routes and an alternative way to travel.
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- Oyster Card: The Oyster card is a contactless smart card that provides a convenient way to pay for travel on public transport in London. It can be used on the Tube, buses, trams, the DLR, London Overground, and some National Rail services.
When navigating London, it’s essential to plan your routes in advance using transportation apps or maps to ensure a smooth and efficient journey. The diverse transport options cater to various preferences and are designed to make exploring the city accessible for both residents and visitors.Top of Form
15 Free Things to Do and See in London
London offers a variety of free attractions for budget-conscious travellers. Here are top free things to see and do in London:
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- British Museum: While some special exhibitions may have an entrance fee, the British Museum’s permanent collection, featuring world history and culture, is free to explore.
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- National Gallery: Admire masterpieces by artists like Van Gogh, Da Vinci, and Botticelli at the National Gallery in Trafalgar Square, which offers free entry to its permanent collection.
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- Tate Modern: Enjoy contemporary and modern art at the Tate Modern, located in a former power station on the South Bank of the Thames. The main collection is free to access.
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- Tate Britain: Explore British art from the 16th century to the present day at Tate Britain, located in Millbank. Entry to the main collection is free.
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- Victoria and Albert Museum (V&A): Discover the world’s leading museum of art, design, and performance, with free entry to many of its exhibits.
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- Science Museum: Engage with interactive exhibits on science, technology, and innovation. The Science Museum offers free entry to most of its galleries.
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- Natural History Museum: Explore the wonders of the natural world, including the famous dinosaur exhibits. The Natural History Museum is free to enter, although some special exhibitions may have a fee.
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- Hyde Park: Enjoy the serenity of Hyde Park, one of London’s largest green spaces, offering walking paths, open spaces, and the picturesque Serpentine Lake.
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- Changing of the Guard at Buckingham Palace: Witness this traditional ceremony outside Buckingham Palace, where the Old Guard hands over responsibilities to the New Guard.
Time: starts at 11:00 last for 45 minutes. Check the timetable before visiting, the days changes for every month.
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- The South Bank and River Thames Walk: Take a stroll along the South Bank of the Thames, enjoying iconic views of landmarks like the London Eye, St. Paul’s Cathedral, and the Shard.
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- Covent Garden: Experience the lively atmosphere of Covent Garden, where you can enjoy street performances and browse the market stalls without spending a penny.
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- Camden Market: Wander through the eclectic Camden Market, known for its alternative culture, unique shops, and vibrant street scenes, a vast variety of divers food scene.
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- Street Art in Shoreditch: Explore the vibrant street art scene in the Shoreditch neighbourhood, wherever-changing murals and graffiti contribute to the area’s creative atmosphere.
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- Museums at Night: Some museums offer special events and late-night openings, providing a unique way to experience cultural institutions after regular hours.
These free attractions allow visitors to experience the cultural richness of London without breaking the bank. Keep in mind that while entry to these sites is free, some special exhibitions or activities within them may require a ticket.